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More Naturalization and Citizenship FAQ

Q: What is the process by which a foreign citizen or national can become a U.S. citizen?
A: To become a U.S. citizen, a person can undergo a process called "naturalization" if he or she qualifies to do so. Naturalization gives a foreign national legal status as a new U.S. citizen. A qualified applicant must pass an exam which tests knowledge of the United States, demonstrate proficiency with the English language, and take an oath of loyalty.

Q: What are some benefits that are conferred upon a U.S. citizen?
A: Naturalized American citizens have many rights, including the right to vote, to hold public office (except that of the Vice-President or President), to extend U.S. citizenship to their children, and to obtain visas for immediate relatives.

Q: What are the responsibilities that come with being a U.S. citizen?
A: Citizens must support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States, swear allegiance to the United States, and agree to serve the nation when required (e.g., military service).

Q: What application form is required in order to apply for naturalization?
A: Form N-400 (Application for Naturalization) is the basic form, but to avoid technical problems with the application it makes sense to consult an immigration attorney for assistance with preparation of this form and any accompanying documentation.

Q: What government office administers the naturalization process?
A: The bureau of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services oversees naturalization.  The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) no longer exists after recent government reorganization.

Q: Unless there is a qualifying exemption, what tests must be completed by an applicant seeking U.S. citizenship?
A: An applicant must complete an English test (consisting of reading, writing, and speaking) and a civics test (consisting of U.S. history and the principles and form of the U.S. government).  Tests may be waived in some instances.

Q: What age must an applicant generally be in order to be eligible for naturalization?
A: A naturalization applicant must be at least eighteen years old.

Q: What must a naturalization applicant produce as proof of lawful admittance as a permanent resident?
A: The applicant must show an I-551 (Alien Registration Card).  Other documents may also be required during the process.

Q: Does an individual forfeit his or her U.S. citizenship if he or she is also a citizen of another country?
A: No. An individual only forfeits his or her U.S. citizenship if the actions of the person indicate a clear intent to forfeit his or her citizenship. Dual citizenship itself does not demonstrate the necessary intent.

Q: What are the ways a person in the United States can acquire dual citizenship?
A: If a person is born in the United States to immigrant parents; born outside the United States to one parent who is a U.S. citizen and another parent who is a citizen of another country; becomes a naturalized U.S. citizen; or receives citizenship in another country after that person has become a U.S. citizen, then he or she may acquire dual citizenship.